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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aari</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы Арктики и Антарктики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Arctic and Antarctic Research</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0555-2648</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6713</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации Арктический и антарктический научно-исследовательский институт</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30758/0555-2648-2020-66-2-124-143</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aari-253</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОКЕАНОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OCEANOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изменение возрастного состава и толщины зимнего ледяного покрова арктических морей России в начале XXI в.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Russian Arctic seas ice age composition and thickness variation in winter periods at the beginning of the 21st century</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егоров</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorov</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander G. Egorov</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ego@aari.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГНЦ РФ Арктический и антарктический научно-исследовательский институт</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>66</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>124</fpage><lpage>143</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Егоров А.Г., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Егоров А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Egorov A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.aaresearch.science/jour/article/view/253">https://www.aaresearch.science/jour/article/view/253</self-uri><abstract><p>По данным электронных карт ААНИИ за 1997–2018 гг. выполнен анализ изменчивости возрастного состава и средневзвешенной толщины ледяного покрова в арктических морях России в течение холодного периода. Установлено, что исходный ряд состоит из двух существенно различающихся частей, до и после зимы 2003/04 г. В среднем для 2004–2018 гг. (по сравнению с периодом 1997–2003 гг.) наблюдается увеличение (на 12 %) площади всех возрастных градаций льдов толщиной менее 70 см и, соответственно, уменьшение (на 18 %) площади всех возрастных градаций льдов толщиной более 70 см; наиболее радикально (примерно на порядок) уменьшилось количество двухлетних (и многолетних) льдов, а однолетние льды стали достигать реперных значений толщины позже примерно на 1–2 месяца. В соответствии с изменением структуры возрастного состава происходит уменьшение зимней средневзвешенной толщины льдов примерно на 40 см; при этом скачкообразные изменения в начале 2000-х гг. происходят не постепенно, шаг за шагом, накапливая аномалии от года к году, но — в климатическом отношении — практически мгновенно, в течение одного гидрологического года.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of the paper is to analyze the large-scale peculiarities of ice age composition and thickness in winter period (October–May) along the entire stripe of the Russian Arctic seas from the Novaya Zemlya Archipelago to Alaska, as well as to assess the multi-year changes taking place in early 21st century. The source of the information used for the present paper is the electronic ice charts at the end of every month, developed in the AARI from 1997 to 2018.</p><p>On the average, during the period 1997–2018, from month to month, the consecutive and ordered changes of ice area of given age take place in accordance with the general ice thickness increase. In October–December the grey-white and first year thin ice (15–70 cm) prevails in the Arctic seas, in January–February — the first-year medium ice (70–120 cm), in March–May — the first-year thick ice (more than 120 cm).</p><p>The period from 1997 to 2018 consists of two parts (1997–2003 and 2004–2018) principally differing from one another by the peculiarities of ice age composition. The basic content of the changes in the 21st century is the decrease of relatively thicker ice area and increase of that of relatively thinner ice.</p><p>On the average, in the winter periods of 2004–2018, (1) the area of ice thinner than 70 cm (nilas, grey, grey-white and first year thin) became 12 % less than in 1997–2003, and (2) the area of ice thicker than 70 cm (first year medium, first year thick, second year and multi-year) became 18 % larger than in 1997–2003. The most significant changes regard to the second year and multi-year ice, their area in winter period decreased about 10 times. Decrease of the rate of first year ice growth is accompanied with delay of the dates when the first year ice reaches the values of 70 and 120 cm.</p><p>Correspondingly, the weighted mean ice thickness also changes. On the average, in 2004–2018 ice thickness has got about 40 cm less than in 1997–2003; by the end of cold period (May), ice thickness decrease from 153 to 117 cm.</p><p>The typical feature of the observed changes is an abrupt transformation from one climatic state of ice cover to another during only one hydrological year.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>возрастной состав льдов</kwd><kwd>зимний период</kwd><kwd>ледяной покров арктических морей России</kwd><kwd>многолетние льды</kwd><kwd>многолетняя изменчивость ледовых условий</kwd><kwd>однолетние льды</kwd><kwd>толщина льдов</kwd><kwd>уменьшение толщины ледяного покрова</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>first year ice</kwd><kwd>ice age composition</kwd><kwd>ice cover of the Russian Arctic seas</kwd><kwd>ice thickness</kwd><kwd>ice thickness decrease</kwd><kwd>multi-year ice</kwd><kwd>multi-year variability of ice conditions</kwd><kwd>winter period</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках ЦНТП Росгидромета, тема 5.1.2.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was funded by the Roshydromet Targeted Scientific and Technical Program (TSTP), project 5.1.2.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">IPCC. 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