aariПроблемы Арктики и АнтарктикиArctic and Antarctic Research0555-26482618-6713Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации Арктический и антарктический научно-исследовательский институт10.30758/0555-2648-2020-66-2-198-216aari-257Research ArticleЭКОЛОГИЯ, БИОЦЕНОЛОГИЯ И БИОГЕОГРАФИЯECOLOGY, BIOCENOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHYСообщества водорослей водоемов оазиса Ширмахера, Восточная АнтарктидаAlgal communities of the waterbodies of Schirmacher Oasis, East AntarcticaСмирноваС. В.SmirnovaS. V.

Санкт-Петербург

Svetlana V. Smirnova

Saint-Petersburg

SSmirnova@binran.ruЧаплыгинаО. Я.ChaplyginaO. Y.

Санкт-Петербург

Olga Y. Chaplygina

Saint-Petersburg

ЛукницкаяА. Ф.LuknitskayaA. F.

Санкт-Петербург

Aliya F. Luknitskaya

Saint-Petersburg

Ботанический институт им. В.Л. Комарова РАНРоссияKomarov Botanical Institute RASRussian Federation202010072020662198216Copyright © Смирнова С.В., Чаплыгина О.Я., Лукницкая А.Ф., 20202020Смирнова С.В., Чаплыгина О.Я., Лукницкая А.Ф.Smirnova S.V., Chaplygina O.Y., Luknitskaya A.F.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.aaresearch.science/jour/article/view/257

Континентальные водоемы антарктических оазисов содержат специфические сообщества водорослей. Целью исследования было изучение и описание различных типов сообществ водорослей континентальных водоемов оазиса Ширмахера (Земля Королевы Мод) и выявление их приуроченности к различным типам водоемов. Пробы были отобраны из 173 водных объектов: 151 со стоячей водой и 22 ручьев.

В результате проведенного исследования была выявлена разнообразная по видовому составу альгофлора. Основная часть выявленных таксонов была зафиксирована в сообществах водорослей бентоса, которые образуют маты и скопления разного цвета, толщины и структуры. В континентальных водоемах оазиса Ширмахера выделено 8 регулярно встречающихся типов бентосных сообществ водорослей, распределение которых зависит от типа водоема и глубины. Отмечены бедный видовой состав и низкая численность фитопланктона большинства исследованных озер оазиса, их зависимость от антропогенного фактора.

In continental waterbodies of Antarctic oases specific algal communities are forming. The structure and dominating complex of species of this communities due to different distance from the seashore and latitude, the composition of the constituent rocks, altitude and the presence in the past of periods of contact with sea water is unique for different oases. It may vary in different waterbodies within one oasis besides.

Aim of the research is to describe different types of algal communities from the continental waterbodies of Schirmacher Oasis and it’s confinement to the different types of waterbodies.

Samples were collected from 173 waterbodies: 151 with stagnant water and 22 streams.

During the study 64 species of Cyanoprokaryotes were found, and this group usually dominated in communities. Also 14 most frequent species of Chlorophyta, 12 most frequent species of Bacillariophyta, 6 species of desmid algae, 2 species of Xanthophyceae, 1 species of Eustigmatophyceae were noted in benthos. Usually resting stages and in one case — life cells of Golden algae (Chrysophyceae, Synurophyceae) were found in mats on the bottom of big lakes. Plankton algae in most of the waterbodies had very low abundance and diversity and were strongly influensed by trophic level. Benthic algal communities were much more diverse and abundant. Eight sustainable types of benthic algal communities were revealed in continental waterbodyes of Schirmacher Oasis. Form, colour, and species composition of bentic films and mats strongly depended on temperature, conductivity and pH of the waterbody and its depth.

бентосводорослевые матыводорослевые пленкипланктонBacillariophytaCharophtyaChlorophytaCyanoprokaryotaDesmidialesDinoflagellataalgal filmsalgal matsBacillariophytabenthosCharophtyaChlorophytaCyanoprokaryotaDesmidialesDinoflagellataplanktonРабота выполнена в рамках плановой темы «Региональные таксономические и флористические исследования водорослей морских и континентальных водоемов» (№ 0120125605). Работа проводилась в рамках подпрограммы «Организация и обеспечение работ и научных исследований в Антарктике» Государственной программы Российской Федерации «Охрана окружающей среды» на 2012–2020 гг.The work was carried out within the framework of the planned theme “Regional taxonomic and floristic studies of algae in marine and continental waterbodies” (№ 0120125605). 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.