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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aari</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы Арктики и Антарктики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Arctic and Antarctic Research</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0555-2648</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6713</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации Арктический и антарктический научно-исследовательский институт</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30758/0555-2648-2020-66-4-446-462</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aari-319</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКА АТМОСФЕРЫ И ГИДРОСФЕРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ATMOSPHERE AND HYDROSPHERE PHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности современных изменений климата в Арктике и их последствий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of modern climate changes in the Arctic and their consequences</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мохов</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mokhov</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">mokhov@ifaran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт физики атмосферы им. А.М. Обухова, РАН; Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, RAS; Lomonosov Moscow State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>66</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>446</fpage><lpage>462</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мохов И.И., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мохов И.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mokhov I.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.aaresearch.science/jour/article/view/319">https://www.aaresearch.science/jour/article/view/319</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье (обзоре) оцениваются особенности современных быстрых климатических изменений в Арктике и их последствий на основании результатов, полученных в последние годы. В том числе представлены результаты, полученные в рамках программы Президиума РАН «Изменения климата: причины, риски, последствия, проблемы адаптации и регулирования» и российско-германского проекта QUARCCS (QUAntifying Rapid Climate Change in the Arctic: regional feedbackS and large-scale impacts). Наряду с данными наблюдений анализировались различные данные реанализа, а также результаты численных расчетов с глобальными и региональными версиями климатических моделей при разных сценариях антропогенных воздействий для XXI в.</p><p>Представлены оценки сравнительной роли естественных и антропогенных факторов в формировании температурных трендов на разных временных горизонтах. Согласно полученным оценкам, доминирующая роль радиационного форсинга парниковых газов проявляется в арктических широтах на временных масштабах около полувека и более.</p><p>Новые климатические явления, в частности формирование кратеров на Ямале в условиях тающей вечной мерзлоты, и новые эффекты, в том числе для тенденций изменения морского волнения в акваториях Арктического бассейна, свидетельствуют о достижении определенного критического уровня регионального и глобального потепления, сопоставимого с потеплением оптимума голоцена. При этом современные климатические модели проявляют способность не только воспроизводить ключевые особенности современных климатических режимов и их изменчивости, но и дают возможность получать адекватные прогностические оценки даже для сложных процессов в Арктике.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper is based on the results reported in an invited speaker presentation at the scientific conference dedicated to the 100th anniversary of AARI in March 2020. The features of present-day rapid climate changes in the Arctic and their consequences are assessed. The presented results include those obtained in the framework of the program of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences "Climate change: causes, risks, consequences, problems of adaptation and regulation" and the Russian-German project QUARCCS (QUAntifying Rapid Climate Change in the Arctic: regional feedbacks and large-scale impacts). An assessment is made of the relative contribution of natural and anthropogenic factors to the formation of temperature trends at different time horizons in the Arctic. In view of the rapid changes of the Arctic climate, the prospects of the Northern Sea route are examined. According to the estimates obtained, the dominant role of radiative forcing is manifested in the Arctic latitudes on time scales of about half a century or more.</p><p>New climatic phenomena (in particular, the formation of craters in the Yamal Peninsula under the conditions of melting permafrost) and new effects (including the change in the trends of changes in sea waves in the waters of the Arctic basin) indicate the achievement of a certain critical level of regional and global warming, comparable to the warming of the Holocene Climate Optimum. At the same time, modern climate models can not only reproduce the key features of current climatic regimes and their variability, but also provide adequate predictive estimates even for complex processes in the Arctic.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Арктика</kwd><kwd>естественные и антропогенные факторы</kwd><kwd>климатические изменения</kwd><kwd>моделирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>the Arctic</kwd><kwd>climate change</kwd><kwd>modeling</kwd><kwd>natural and anthropogenic factors</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Существенная часть представленных результатов была получена в рамках программы Президиума РАН «Изменения климата: причины, риски, последствия, проблемы адаптации и регулирования» и российско-германского проекта QUARCCS. Особенности изменчивости морских льдов в Арктике анализировались также в рамках проекта РФФИ (18-05-60111). Анализ взаимных изменений протяженности арктических и антарктических морских льдов проводился в рамках проекта РНФ (19-05-00240)</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>A significant part of the presented results was obtained within the framework of the Program of the RAS Presidium “Climate Change: Causes, Risks, Consequences and Problems of Adaptation and Regulation” and the Russian-German project QUARCCS. The specific features of sea ice variability in the Arctic were also analyzed within the framework of the RFBR project (18-05-60111). The analysis of mutual changes in the length of the Arctic and Antarctic sea ice was carried out within the framework of the RSF project (19-05-00240)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. 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