aariПроблемы Арктики и АнтарктикиArctic and Antarctic Research0555-26482618-6713Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации Арктический и антарктический научно-исследовательский институт10.30758/0555-2648-2021-67-1-28-43aari-337Research ArticleГИДРОЛОГИЯ СУШИ И ГИДРОХИМИЯHYDROLOGY OF LAND AND HYDROCHEMISTRYПространственные особенности химического состава снежного покрова Холмов Тала, Восточная АнтарктидаSpatial features of the chemical composition of Thala Hills surface snow, East AntarcticaКакарекаС. В.KakarekaS. V.

Минск

Minsk

sk001@yandex.ruКухарчикТ. И.KukharchykT. I.

Минск

Minsk

КокошЮ. Г.KokoshYu. G.

Минск

Minsk

СаливончикС. В.SalivonchykS. V.

Минск

Minsk

КудревичМ. А.KudrevichM. A.

Минск

Minsk

ГигинякЮ. Г.GiginyakY. G.

Минск

Minsk

МяминВ. Е.MyaminV. E.

Минск

Minsk

ЛукашанецД. А.LukashanetsD. A.

Минск

Minsk

Государственное научное учреждение «Институт природопользования Национальной академии наук Беларуси»БеларусьInstitute for Nature Management of the National Academy of Sciences of BelarusBelarusРеспубликанский научно-практический центр по биоресурсам Национальной академии наук БеларусиБеларусьThe Scientific and Practical Centre for Bioresources of the National Academy of Sciences of BelarusBelarusБелорусский государственный университетБеларусьBelarusian State UniversityBelarus2021230320216712843Copyright © Какарека С.В., Кухарчик Т.И., Кокош Ю.Г., Саливончик С.В., Кудревич М.А., Гигиняк Ю.Г., Мямин В.Е., Лукашанец Д.А., 20212021Какарека С.В., Кухарчик Т.И., Кокош Ю.Г., Саливончик С.В., Кудревич М.А., Гигиняк Ю.Г., Мямин В.Е., Лукашанец Д.А.Kakareka S.V., Kukharchyk T.I., Kokosh Y.G., Salivonchyk S.V., Kudrevich M.A., Giginyak Y.G., Myamin V.E., Lukashanets D.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.aaresearch.science/jour/article/view/337

Статья посвящена пространственному анализу химического состава снежного покрова восточной части Холмов Тала (Земля Эндерби, Восточная Антарктида). Впервые на примере оазиса Вечерний детально охарактеризовано содержание основных ионов, величины рН и электропроводности для различных участков мониторинга, заложенных с учетом природных особенностей и антропогенного воздействия. Показано, что снеговые воды оазиса в период с 2012 по 2019 г. характеризовались как очень низкоминерализованные с диапазоном суммы ионов 1,04–57,3 мг/л (среднее — 7,4 мг/л), величины удельной электропроводности — 2,7–85,1 µСм/см (10,7 µСм/см); в 87 % случаев реакция среды снеговых вод оазиса характеризуется как слабокислая. Наиболее широким диапазоном измеренных концентраций хлоридов, сульфатов, ионов кальция и натрия характеризуются участки мониторинга, в пределах которых осуществлялась ранее и осуществляется в настоящее время хозяйственная деятельность. Полученные данные будут использованы для выявления трендов изменения химического состава снежного покрова в результате антропогенной деятельности и в связи с климатическими изменениями.

Despite the great interest in the study of the chemical composition of the surface snow cover in Antarctica, the knowledge of the Enderby Land area remains extremely limited. In the Vecherny Oasis, where the construction of the Belarusian Antarctic Research Station has been carried out since 2015, the study of the chemical composition of the surface snow began in 2012 in preparation for the Comprehensive Environmental Evaluation. Its continuation is due to the need to assess the consequences of the construction and operation of the station in accordance with the requirements of the Antarctic Treaty Protocol on Environmental Protection.

Snow samples were taken from 2012 to 2019 during the seasonal Belarusian Antarctic expeditions. Sampling was carried out from the surface horizons, which characterize the annual snow fallout. Chemical analytical studies were performed using standard methods. A total of 144 samples of snow water were analyzed.

The aim of the study is to characterize the chemical composition of the surface snow of the Vecherny Oasis (and of the Thala Hills as a whole) to identify the areas of anthropogenic impact and trends in its change.

The data on the main ions content in the surface snow, the value of pH and electrical conductivity, as well as the variabilities of the main indicators are presented. It is shown that the snow water of the Vecherny Oasis is very low-mineralized, with the sum of ions in the range of 1,04–57,3 mg/l (average — 7,4 mg/l), the values of electrical conductivity — 2,7–85,1 µS/cm (10,7 µS/cm). The snow water in most cases is characterized as slightly acidic. The chemical composition of the snow water and its mineralization is determined mainly by the content of chlorides and sodium ions. The high variability of the indicators of snow water hydrochemical composition within the areas of former and current human activities, as well as the increased content of sulfate ions, is considered to be indicative of anthropogenic impact.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.