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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aari</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы Арктики и Антарктики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Arctic and Antarctic Research</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0555-2648</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6713</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации Арктический и антарктический научно-исследовательский институт</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30758/0555-2648-2021-67-1-100-121</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aari-342</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОЛОГИЯ, БИОЦЕНОЛОГИЯ И БИОГЕОГРАФИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECOLOGY, BIOCENOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Микробная доступность органического вещества в донных отложениях арктических озер: лабораторный инкубационный эксперимент</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>An availibility of arctic lakes organic sediments to microbial degradation: a laboratory incubation experiment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеева</surname><given-names>Н. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseeva</surname><given-names>N. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-ПетербургНовосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. PetersburgNovosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natalya.msk15@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евграфова</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evgrafova</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>КрасноярскЯкутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>KrasnoyarskYakutsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Децура</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Detsura</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Красноярск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasnoyarsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гузева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guzeva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Метелева</surname><given-names>М. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Meteleva</surname><given-names>M. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Красноярск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasnoyarsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГНЦ РФ Арктический и антарктический научно-исследовательский институт; Институт нефтегазовой геологии и геофизики им. А.А. Трофимука СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Research Center Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute; The Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева ФИЦ КНЦ СО РАН; Сибирский федеральный университет; Институт мерзлотоведения им. П.И. Мельникова СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sukachev Institute of Forest Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”; Siberian Federal University; Melnikov Permafrost Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева ФИЦ КНЦ СО РАН; Сибирский федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sukachev Institute of Forest Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”; Siberian Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет; СПб ФИЦ РАН — Институт озероведения РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State University; Institute of limnology of the Russian Academy of Science</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева ФИЦ КНЦ СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sukachev Institute of Forest Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>67</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>100</fpage><lpage>121</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Алексеева Н.К., Евграфова С.Ю., Децура А.Е., Гузева А.В., Метелева М.К., Федорова И.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Алексеева Н.К., Евграфова С.Ю., Децура А.Е., Гузева А.В., Метелева М.К., Федорова И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Alekseeva N.K., Evgrafova S.Y., Detsura A.E., Guzeva A.V., Meteleva M.K., Fedorova I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.aaresearch.science/jour/article/view/342">https://www.aaresearch.science/jour/article/view/342</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе представлены новые данные, касающиеся фундаментального вопроса о скорости преобразования органического вещества, захороненного в вечной мерзлоте, в парниковые газы (CO2, CH4 ). Основной задачей являлось определение микробной реакции в ответ на повышение температуры и связанной с этим процессом эмиссии CO2 и CH4 из арктических озер. В работе изучались озера, расположенные в дельте реки Лены на острове Самойловский, Россия (72° 22′ с. ш., 126° 28′ в. д.). Были проведены лабораторные анаэробные инкубационные эксперименты донных отложений из трех термокарстовых и трех старичных озер при двух температурных режимах (4 °C и 25 °C). Осадки старичных озер показали сходную динамику эмиссии метана, как при низких (4 °C), так и при высоких температурах (25 °C). В термокарстовых озерах, в экспериментах при низких и высоких температурах, эмиссия метана в отложениях протекала с использованием несхожих метаболических путей. Изотопное смещение углерода в метане указывало на различающийся состав метаногенных/метанотрофных популяций в термокарстовых и старичных озерах. В обоих случаях повышение температуры приводило к увеличению высвобождения метана из донных отложений арктических озер. В сравнении со старичными озерами, термокарстовые озера внесут больший вклад в эмиссию метана. Так, эмиссия метана из термокарстовых озер предположительно увеличится от 6 до 46 раз за счет повышения температуры окружающей среды, а из старичных озер — от 1,8 до 7,6 раз. Согласно результатам данного исследования, в условиях глобального потепления климата и термокарстовые и старичные озера могут стать значимыми источниками поступления метана в атмосферу Земли.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The water ecosystems of the Arctic region are most vulnerable to modern climatic changes since the global biogeochemical processes mostly occur on the territories of the permafrost zone. Aquatic ecosystems show a high degree of sensitivity to climatic changes; both in these and in other ecosystems, the biogeochemical processes are intense. These water bodies are located in the permafrost zone, which is vulnerable to temperature increases. The paper gives new insights into the fundamental research question of how fast the organic matter of thawing permafrost can be converted to greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere (CO2, CH4). We aimed to assess the microbial response and the associated release of CO2 and CH4 from the Arctic lakes in response to temperature increase. We investigated lakes located in the Lena River delta in the Samoylov Island, Russia, at 72° 22′ N, 126° 28′ E. Bottom sediments from three thermokarst and three oxbow lakes were anaerobically incubated in the laboratory at two temperature regimes (at 4 °C and at 25 °C). All the oxbow lakes have shown similar dynamics of methane emission both at low temperatures (4 °C) and at high temperatures (25 °C). The shift of carbon isotopic composition in methane has indicated that methane is emitted in all the oxbow lakes with a similar composition of microbial communities. In the thermokarst lakes, the emission of methane in the sediments proceeded differently at low and at high temperatures. These results have indicated a dissimilar composition of methanogenic / methanotrophic populations in the thermokarst and oxbow lakes. In both cases, the temperature increase caused a growth in methane emission from the sediments of the Arctic lakes. The thermokarst lakes will make a greater contribution to methane emission than the oxbow lakes. Thus, it is believed that the emission of methane from the thermokarst lakes will rise from 6 to 46 times due to ambient temperature increase. Methane emission from the oxbow lakes will grow from 1.8 to 7.6 times. Our results suggest that with the global warming both thermokarst and oxbow lakes could become a great source of methane emission into the atmosphere.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>арктические озера</kwd><kwd>донные отложения</kwd><kwd>инкубационные эксперименты</kwd><kwd>метан</kwd><kwd>углекислый газ</kwd><kwd>стабильные изотопы углерода</kwd><kwd>старичные озера</kwd><kwd>термокарстовые озера</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>arctic lakes</kwd><kwd>carbon dioxide</kwd><kwd>incubation experiments</kwd><kwd>methane</kwd><kwd>oxbow lakes</kwd><kwd>sediments</kwd><kwd>stable carbon isotopes</kwd><kwd>thermokarst lakes</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РФФИ № 19-34-50086 «Мобильность» и РФФИ № 18-05-60291 «Адаптация арктических лимносистем к быстрому изменению климата».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors have no competing interests.  Funding. The study was funded by RFBR, project number 19-34-50086 “Mobility” and by RFBR, project number 18-05-60291 “Adaptation of the Arctic limnosystems to rapid climate change”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schuur E., Bockheim J., Canadell J.G., Euskirchen E., Field Ch.B, Goryachkin S. V., Hagemann S., Kuhry P., Lafleur P.M., Lee H., Mazhitova G., Nelson F. E., Rinke A., Romanovsky V.E., Shiklomanov N., Tarnocai Ch., Venevsky S., Vogel J. G., Zimov S. A. Vulnerability of permafrost carbon to climate change: implications for the global carbon cycle // BioScience. 2008. V. 58 (8). 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