aariПроблемы Арктики и АнтарктикиArctic and Antarctic Research0555-26482618-6713Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации Арктический и антарктический научно-исследовательский институт10.30758/0555-2648-2021-67-2-177-207aari-354Research ArticleГЕОЛОГИЯ И ГЕОФИЗИКАGEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICSВлияние космической погоды на земную атмосферуInfluence of cosmic weather on the Earth’s atmosphereТрошичевО. А.TroshichevO. A.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

olegtro@aari.ruГабисИ. П.GabisI. P.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

КриволуцкийА. А.KrivolutskyA. A.

Долгопрудный, Московская область

Moscow

ГНЦ РФ Арктический и антарктический научно-исследовательский институтРоссияState Scientific Center of the Russian Federation Arctic and Antarctic Research InstituteRussian FederationФГБУ Центральная аэрологическая обсерваторияРоссияFederal State Budgetary Institution «Central Aerological Observatory»Russian Federation202109072021672177207Copyright © Трошичев О.А., Габис И.П., Криволуцкий А.А., 20212021Трошичев О.А., Габис И.П., Криволуцкий А.А.Troshichev O.A., Gabis I.P., Krivolutsky A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.aaresearch.science/jour/article/view/354

В обзоре обобщены экспериментальные данные о влиянии космической погоды на земную атмосферу. Показано, что высокоэнергичные солнечные протоны (SPE) оказывают мощное воздействие на фотохимические процессы в полярных областях и, соответственно, на атмосферную циркуляцию и планетарную облачность. Вариации солнечного УФ-излучения моделируют скорость спуска зональных ветров в экваториальной стратосфере в ходе квазидвухлетней осцилляции (QBO) и контролируют, таким образом, общую продолжительность (период) QBO цикла и, соответственно, вариации общего содержания озона в Антарктике. Геоэффективный солнечный ветер воздействует на систему катабатических ветров во всей южной полярной области и влияет на динамику южной осцилляции (ENSO).

The review generalizes experimental data on the relationships between the solar activity agents (space weather) and atmosphere constituents. It is shown that high-energy solar protons (SPE) make a powerful impact on photo-chemical processes in the polar areas and, correspondingly, on atmospheric circulation and planetary cloudiness. Variations of the solar UV irradiance modulate the descent rate of the zonal wind in the equatorial stratosphere in the course of quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO), and thus control the total duration (period) of the QBO cycle and, correspondingly, the seasonal ozone depletion in the Antarctic. The geo-effective solar wind impacts on the atmospheric wind system in the entire Southern Polar region, and influences the dynamics of the Southern Oscillation (ENSO).

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.