aariПроблемы Арктики и АнтарктикиArctic and Antarctic Research0555-26482618-6713Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации Арктический и антарктический научно-исследовательский институт10.30758/0555-2648-2021-67-3-261-279aari-389Research ArticleФИЗИКА АТМОСФЕРЫ И ГИДРОСФЕРЫATMOSPHERE AND HYDROSPHERE PHYSICSПолициклические ароматические углеводороды в снежном покрове Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа как индикаторы влияния источников техногенных эмиссийPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the snowpack of Yamal-Nenetz Autonomous region as indicators of anthropogenic source influenceЗавгородняяЮ. А.ZavgorodnyayaYu. A.

Москва

Moscow

ПоповичеваО. Б.PopovichevaO. B.

Москва

Moscow

olga.popovicheva@gmail.comКобелевВ. О.KobelevV. O.

Салехард

Salekhard

СтародымоваД. П.StarodymovaD. P.

Москва

Moscow

ШевченкоВ. П.ShevchenkoV. P.

Москва

Moscow

КасимовН. С.KasimovN. S.

Москва

Moscow

Московский государственный университет им. М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian FederationНаучно-исследовательский институт ядерной физики им Д.В. Скобельцына, Московский государственный университет им. М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияSkobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian FederationНаучный центр изучения АрктикиРоссияScientific center of Arctic ResearchRussian FederationИнститут океанологии им. П.П. Ширшова РАНРоссияShirshov Institute of Oceanology RASRussian Federation202107102021673261279Copyright © Завгородняя Ю.А., Поповичева О.Б., Кобелев В.О., Стародымова Д.П., Шевченко В.П., Касимов Н.С., 20212021Завгородняя Ю.А., Поповичева О.Б., Кобелев В.О., Стародымова Д.П., Шевченко В.П., Касимов Н.С.Zavgorodnyaya Y.A., Popovicheva O.B., Kobelev V.O., Starodymova D.P., Shevchenko V.P., Kasimov N.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.aaresearch.science/jour/article/view/389

Проведен анализ содержания и состава полициклических ароматических углеводородов (ПАУ) в твердой фракции снежного покрова Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа (ЯНАО). Определено суммарное содержание десяти 3–6-ядерных ПАУ в 51 пробе, отобранной на различных расстояниях от объектов топливно-энергетического комплекса, у автодорог, вблизи населенных пунктов и в удаленных арктических районах. Суммарное содержание ПАУ варьирует от 0,3 нг/мг на о. Белый, повышенного ~5 нг/мг в районах разработки новых газовых месторождений до высоких 15 нг/мг в городах ЯНАО. Выделены характерные черты состава ПАУ под влиянием эмиссий газовых факелов в центральных районах высокой техногенной нагрузки при содержании до 144 нг/мг и обогащение низкомолекулярными ПАУ. В удаленных арктических регионах доминируют высокомолекулярные 5-, 6-ядерные ПАУ. Определены профили индивидуальных ПАУ вблизи факельных установок сжигания природного газа, транспортных магистралей и объектов жилого сектора. Процентный вклад суммы 3-, 4- и 5–6-ядерных ПАУ в суммарное содержание ПАУ указывает на степень влияния эмиссий факельных установок. Индикаторные показатели: отношения флуорантена к пирену и бенз(b)флуорантена к бенз(ghi)перилену — описывают изменение состава ПАУ в твердой фракции снега при снижении вклада факельных эмиссий. Полученные данные о влиянии эмиссий на состав ПАУ снежного покрова в зонах действия техногенных источников актуальны для полярных районов освоения новых месторождений.

A study of the content and composition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the solid fraction of the snowpack is carried out on the territory of the Yamal-Nenetz Autonomous region, the north of Western Siberia. The total content of ten three-six nucleus PAHs was determined in the 51 samples collected at various distances from oil and gas producers and roads, near settlements, and in remote Arctic areas. The total PAH content varies from the lowest 0.3 ng/mg on the Bely Island, increasing to ~ 5 ng/mg in areas of new gas fields, and up to high 15 ng/mg in cities. Characteristic features of PAHs composition under the influence of gas flares emissions in central areas of high technogenic load are identified; they are a total content of up to 144 ng/mg and enrichment with low- molecular weight PAHs. In remote Arctic regions, high-molecular weight 5–6 nucleus PAHs dominate. Profiles of individual PAHs near gas flares, roads and residential sector facilities have been determined. The percentage contribution of the sum of 3, 4 and 5, 6-nucleus PAHs to the total PAH content indicates the gas flaring impact. Ratios of fluorantene to pyrene and benzene(b)fluorantene to benzene(ghi)perylene indicate changes in the snow PAHs composition with a decrease in the gas flaring contribution. The data obtained for the assessment of gas flaring emission impact on the PAHs composition in the snowpack are relevant to polar areas where new fields are being developed.

Арктиказагрязненияполициклические ароматические углеводородыснежный покровфакельные установкиArcticgas flarespollutionpolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonssnow coverРабота выполнена при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках проекта № 18-05-60-084, а также в рамках Программы развития Междисциплинарной научно-образовательной школы Московского государственного университета имени М.В. Ломоносова «Будущее планеты и глобальные изменения окружающей среды».The work was carried out with the financial support of RFFI in the framework of project No. 18-05-60-084. The study was carried out as part of the Development Program of the Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow State University “The Future of the Planet and Global Environmental Changes”.ReferencesДоклад об экологической ситуации в Ямало-Ненецком автономном округе в 2019 году. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.