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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aari</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы Арктики и Антарктики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Arctic and Antarctic Research</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0555-2648</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6713</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации Арктический и антарктический научно-исследовательский институт</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30758/0555-2648-2022-68-4-352-369</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aari-474</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТЕОРОЛОГИЯ И КЛИМАТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изменения климата западной части Российской Арктики в 1980–2021 гг. Часть 2. Температура почвы, снег, влажность</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Climate change in the western part of the Russian Arctic in 1980–2021. Part 2. Soil temperature, snow, humidity</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серых</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Serykh</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">iserykh@ocean.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Толстиков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tolstikov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт океанологии им. П.П. Ширшова РАН, Геофизический центр РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Geophysical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт водных проблем Севера Карельского научного центра РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Northern Water Problems Institute of Karelian Research Centre of RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>68</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>352</fpage><lpage>369</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Серых И.В., Толстиков А.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Серых И.В., Толстиков А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Serykh I.V., Tolstikov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.aaresearch.science/jour/article/view/474">https://www.aaresearch.science/jour/article/view/474</self-uri><abstract><p>По среднемесячным данным реанализа спутниковых измерений NASA MERRA-2 исследованы климатические изменения температуры верхних 1,5 метров почвы (ТП), толщины и площади снежного покрова (СП), влагосодержания верхнего слоя почвы толщиной 1 метр (ВП) и влажности воздуха на высоте 2 метра от поверхности (ВВ) в регионе западной части Российской Арктики (60°–75° с. ш., 30°–85° в. д.) за 1980–2021 гг. Рассматриваемый временной интервал разбит на 2 периода: 1980–2000 гг. и 2001–2021 гг. Вычислены разности между средними значениями исследуемых параметров за эти периоды. Отдельно рассмотрены климатические изменения, произошедшие для зимнего и летнего сезонов, а также для каждого месяца года. С помощью вычисления линейных и квадратичных трендов обнаружен ускоряющийся рост ТП исследуемого региона в 2001–2021 гг. Показано уменьшение толщины СП и существенное сокращение площади СП в ноябре и апреле. Обнаружен рост ВП на юго-западе и востоке исследуемого региона в период 2001–2021 гг., и показано значительное увеличение ВВ западной части Российской Арктики за исследуемый временной интервал. Причем рост ВВ существенно ускорился в 2001–2021 гг. по сравнению с 1980–2000 гг. над акваториями Баренцева, Карского и Белого морей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Based on average monthly data from the re-analysis of NASA MERRA-2 satellite measurements, the paper explores climatic changes in the temperature of the upper 1.5 meters of soil (TS), the thickness and area of the snow cover (SC), the moisture content of the top layer of soil 1 meter thick (SM) and air humidity at a height of 2 meters from the surface (AH) in the western part of the Russian Arctic (60°–75° N, 30°–85° E) for 1980–2021. The time interval considered is divided into two periods: 1980–2000 and 2001–2021. The differences between the average values of the parameters studied for these periods are calculated. The climatic changes that have occurred for the winter and summer seasons, as well as for each month of the year, are considered separately. Calculation of linear and quadratic trends has revealed an accelerating growth in the TS of the region studied in the period 2001–2021. A decrease in the thickness of the SC and a significant reduction in the area of the SC in November and April are shown. An increase in SM was found in the southwest and east of the region studied in the period 2001–2021, and a significant increase in AH in the western part of the Russian Arctic over the time interval studied is shown. Moreover, the growth of AH over the waters of the Barents, Kara and White Seas significantly accelerated in 2001–2021 compared to 1980–2000.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атлантификация Арктики</kwd><kwd>Баренцево море</kwd><kwd>Белое море</kwd><kwd>влагосодержание почвы</kwd><kwd>влажность воздуха</kwd><kwd>Карское море</kwd><kwd>климатический сдвиг</kwd><kwd>многолетняя мерзлота</kwd><kwd>обратные связи</kwd><kwd>потепление климата</kwd><kwd>северо-запад России</kwd><kwd>снежный покров</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>air humidity</kwd><kwd>Arctic atlantification</kwd><kwd>Barents Sea</kwd><kwd>climate shift</kwd><kwd>climate warming</kwd><kwd>feedbacks</kwd><kwd>Kara Sea</kwd><kwd>northwest Russia</kwd><kwd>permafrost</kwd><kwd>snow cover</kwd><kwd>soil moisture content</kwd><kwd>White Sea</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Серых И.В., Толстиков А.В. 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