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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aari</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы Арктики и Антарктики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Arctic and Antarctic Research</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0555-2648</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6713</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации Арктический и антарктический научно-исследовательский институт</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30758/05552648-2024-70-3-353-372</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aari-640</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКА АТМОСФЕРЫ И ГИДРОСФЕРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ATMOSPHERE AND HYDROSPHERE PHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние квазидвухлетних осцилляций (КДО) на стратосферный полярный вихрь в Антарктике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Influence of quasi-biennial oscillations (QBO) on the stratospheric polar vortex in the Antarctic</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5566-0829</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Габис</surname><given-names>И. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gabis</surname><given-names>I. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina P. Gabis</p><p>St. Petersburg</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gabis@aari.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГНЦ РФ Арктический и антарктический научно-исследовательский институт</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>70</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>353</fpage><lpage>372</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Габис И.П., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Габис И.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gabis I.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.aaresearch.science/jour/article/view/640">https://www.aaresearch.science/jour/article/view/640</self-uri><abstract><p>Квазидвухлетние осцилляции (КДО) экваториальной стратосферы являются существенной частью глобальной циркуляции атмосферы и оказывают значительное влияние на процессы в высоких широтах. Зависимость стратосферного полярного вихря, который является необходимым условием образования озоновой дыры в Антарктике, от фазы КДО общеизвестна как эффект Холтона–Тана. Согласно многочисленным исследованиям, в Южном полушарии эффект Холтона–Тана отмечается только весной, что обычно объясняется большей интенсивностью зимнего южного вихря по сравнению с вихрем Северного полушария. В данной работе предложен новый метод анализа наблюдений, учитывающий сезонные закономерности КДО. Проведенное исследование позволило выявить ранее неизвестные особенности межгодовых вариаций интенсивности вихря и озоновой дыры в Антарктике, обусловленные КДО модуляцией. Показано, что влияние КДО на вихрь наблюдается не только весной на стадии ослабления зимнего вихря, но и в период его максимума в июне–августе. При этом изменения скорости ветра в вихре во время его максимума зимой противоположны изменениям весной во время озоновой дыры. Результаты могут быть использованы при сравнении моделируемых эффектов КДО с наблюдениями и, следовательно, при проверке предполагаемых механизмов влияния КДО на высокоширотную атмосферу.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>For many years, the dominant opinion in the literature has been that the stratospheric polar vortex is weaker in the easterly phase of the QBO than in the westerly phase, which is known as the Holton–Tan effect. While for the Northern Hemisphere vortex this is true during winter, for the Southern Hemisphere vortex the dependence on the QBO is observed only in spring. This feature is usually explained by the greater intensity of the Southern Hemisphere vortex compared to the Northern Hemisphere vortex, and the QBO can modulate its strength only during the vortex breaking season in October-November. Usually, the vortex response to the QBO is determined based on the equatorial wind direction at a certain vertical level, and the conclusions depend strongly on the level at which the QBO phase is determined. However, it has long been shown that using the equatorial wind sign at one or even a combination of several levels is not quite correct because it does not take into account the time of descent of the QBO wind relative to the seasons of the year, and it is not known at what altitudes the QBO wind has the strongest influence on the extratropical stratosphere. Due to the variable period of the QBO cycles, the phase relationship between the seasonal cycle and the QBO cycle is constantly changing, resulting in many variants of the vertical structure of the wind QBO during the Antarctic winter vortex and ozone hole. However, the seasonal regularities of QBO used in this work lead to a strictly limited number of possible variants of coincidence of the phases of the QBO cycles with the seasons of the year, which allows us to reveal typical features of interannual variations of the polar vortex and ozone hole in the Antarctic that are due to the QBO. The analysis of observational data indicates unexpected peculiarities of the QBO modulation of the stratospheric polar vortex in the Antarctic. The QBO effect in the vortex intensity is observed not only in spring during the weakening phase of the winter vortex, but also during the vortex maximum in June–August. At the same time, changes in the wind speed of the vortex during its maximum in winter are opposite to those in the spring during the ozone hole period. If the winter vortex is more intense (weak), then during the ozone hole period the vortex is weaker (more intense) than the average level.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>квазидвухлетние осцилляции (КДО)</kwd><kwd>общее содержание озона</kwd><kwd>озоновая дыра</kwd><kwd>полярный вихрь</kwd><kwd>стратосфера</kwd><kwd>эффект Холтона–Тана</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Holton–Tan effect</kwd><kwd>ozone hole</kwd><kwd>polar vortex</kwd><kwd>quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO)</kwd><kwd>stratosphere</kwd><kwd>total ozone</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках темы 5.2 Плана НИТР Росгидромета на 2020– 2024 гг. 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