aariПроблемы Арктики и АнтарктикиArctic and Antarctic Research0555-26482618-6713Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации Арктический и антарктический научно-исследовательский институт10.30758/0555-2648-2024-70-4-499-513aari-667Research ArticleГЛЯЦИОЛОГИЯ И КРИОЛОГИЯGLACIOLOGY AND CRYOLOGY OF THE EARTHAlternative clean approaches to accessing subglacial Lake VostokAlternative clean approaches to accessing subglacial Lake Vostokhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8230-4600TalalayP. G.TalalayP. G.

Чанчунь, Пекин

Pavel G. Talalay

Changchun, Beijing

FanX.FanX.

Чанчунь

Xiaopeng Fan

Changchun

fxp@jlu.edu.cnПолярный исследовательский центр, Цзилиньский университет; Китайский университет наук о землеКитайPolar Research Center, Jilin University; China University of GeosciencesChinaПолярный исследовательский центр, Цзилиньский университетКитайPolar Research Center, Jilin UniversityChina202421122024704Специальный выпуск Исследования подледникового озера Восток499513Copyright © Talalay P.G., Fan X., 20242024Talalay P.G., Fan X.Talalay P.G., Fan X.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.aaresearch.science/jour/article/view/667

Озеро Восток площадью около 15500 км2 является крупнейшим подледниковым озером в Антарктиде. Задача проникновения в озеро может быть решена только путем использования экологически чистой технологии бурения, исключающей попадание в водоем современной микрофлоры и обеспечивающей сохранение жизнеспособности реликтовых организмов. К сожалению, вскрытие озера Восток, проведенное российскими исследователями в феврале 2012 г., не позволило, отобрать «чистые» пробы озерной воды, поскольку они оказались контаминированы токсичной буровой жидкостью. В статье представлены четыре потенциальных варианта вскрытия подледникового озера Восток — три типа термоигл (с нагревательным кабелем, с антифризом и с расположенной в снаряде лебедкой и вмораживаемым кабелем) и система бурения горячей водой, которые можно рассматривать как экологически чистые технологии бурения и которые могут быть использованы в холодных льдах Восточной Антарктиды. Описание включает в себя только общие идеи и краткие оценки основных параметров предлагаемых технологий и не содержит детальных концепций. Все предложенные методы имеют свои преимущества и недостатки. Окончательное решение о применимости того или иного метода вскрытия должно приниматься в результате детальных научно-исследовательских и проектных работ, включающих теоретические исследования, моделирование, лабораторные и полевые испытания на основе имеющихся возможностей финансирования и логистики.

A study of the subglacial Lake Vostok requires clean accessing and sampling technologies. The paper presents four potential options — three types of hot-points and a hot-water drilling system — which can be considered as environmental-friendly technologies and could be used in the cold ice of East Antarctica. The description contains only general ideas and a brief estimation of the main parameters of the technologies suggested and does not include any detailed analysis. All the methods proposed have their own advantages and disadvantages. The final decision about a method’s applicability should be made following careful development and engineering work, including theoretical studies, modelling, laboratory testing, taking into account the available funds and logistics opportunities.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.