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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aari</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы Арктики и Антарктики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Arctic and Antarctic Research</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0555-2648</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6713</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации Арктический и антарктический научно-исследовательский институт</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30758/0555-2648-2025-71-2-234-249</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aari-718</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТРАНИЦЫ ИСТОРИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PAGES OF HISTORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Активизация и диверсификация арктической политики: историографический обзор</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Activation and diversification of Arctic policy: a historiographical review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Медведева</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Medvedeva</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владивосток </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladivostok </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ihae@eastnet.febras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт истории, археологии и этнографии народов Дальнего Востока ДВО РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Peoples of the Far East FEB RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>71</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>234</fpage><lpage>249</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Медведева Л.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Медведева Л.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Medvedeva L.M.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.aaresearch.science/jour/article/view/718">https://www.aaresearch.science/jour/article/view/718</self-uri><abstract><p>Смягчение климата и ледовой обстановки в Арктике в значительной степени повысило связанную с ней исследовательскую и деловую активность. Потенциал Арктики привлекает внимание государств, и они стремятся сформировать эффективную стратегию использования открывающихся ресурсов. Цель работы — выявить признаки активизации и диверсификации арктической политики государств в конце XX — первой четверти XXI в., которые нашли отражение в научных публикациях. Для анализа использованы труды специалистов, исследовавших проявления и динамику климатических изменений в Арктическом регионе, связанные с ними природные, политические и социально-экономические возможности и угрозы. Применен системный подход к рассмотрению интересов, связей и отношений государств. Посредством синтеза, анализа, сравнения и обобщения выявлялись тенденции освоения Арктики и эволюция арктических стратегий. Сделан вывод о том, что авторами активно рассматривалась климатическая повестка. В междисциплинарном поле выявлялись причины, характер климатических изменений, их влияние на природные экосистемы и условия жизни населения Арктического региона. С начала 2000-х гг. начинает набирать силу вектор научных исследований, связанный с возможностями, которые открываются в связи с таянием льдов в Арктике, — развитие путей сообщения и транспортной логистики, добыча полезных ископаемых и промышленное строительство в арктических широтах. Наряду со взаимодействием в области исследования и освоения Арктики, развивается международное соперничество. Стремление защитить свои интересы и расширить геополитическое влияние ведет к милитаризации арктической политики стран. Оценивая кризис доверия между странами и наличие угроз, исследователи констатируют недостаточность действенных инструментов и механизмов регулирования межгосударственных отношений и необходимость совместных усилий для достижения мира и безопасности. Интенсификация экономического освоения Арктического региона неизбежна, и ответственность стран состоит в предотвращении угроз разрушения ее природы посредством новых научно-технических и организационных средств.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The softening climate and ice conditions in the Arctic have led to a significantly increase in the associated research and business activity. The Arctic potential attracts the attention of states, and they seek to formulate efficient strategies for using the emerging resources and opportunities. The purpose of this work is to identify signs of intensification and diversification of the Arctic policy of states in the late 20th — first quarter of the 21st century, which are reflected in scientific publications. The study uses the works of experts who have studied the manifestations and dynamics of climate change in the Arctic region, the associated natural, political and socio-economic opportunities and threats. A systematic approach is used to consider the interests, connections and relations of states. Through synthesis, analysis, comparison and generalization, trends in the development of the Arctic and the evolution of Arctic strategies are identified. It is concluded that the authors actively considered the climate agenda. In the interdisciplinary field, the causes, nature of climate change, their impact on natural ecosystems and living conditions of the population of the Arctic region are identified. Since the early 2000s, the vector of scientific research related to the opportunities that are opening up due to the melting of ice in the Arctic has begun to gain momentum — the development of communication routes and transport logistics, mining and industrial construction in the Arctic latitudes. Along with interaction in the field of Arctic research and development, international rivalry is developing. The desire to protect their interests and expand geopolitical influence leads to the militarization of the Arctic policy of various countries. Assessing the crisis of trust between countries and the presence of threats, researchers note the lack of effective instruments and mechanisms for regulating interstate relations and the need for joint efforts to achieve peace and security. The intensification of economic development of the Arctic region is inevitable, and the responsibility of countries is to prevent threats leading to the destruction of its nature through new scientific, technical and organizational means.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Арктика</kwd><kwd>климатические изменения</kwd><kwd>арктические стратегии</kwd><kwd>Арктический совет</kwd><kwd>арктическое сотрудничество</kwd><kwd>арктическая политика</kwd><kwd>судоходные пути</kwd><kwd>Северный морской путь</kwd><kwd>Северо-Западный проход</kwd><kwd>безопасность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Arctic</kwd><kwd>climate change</kwd><kwd>Arctic strategies</kwd><kwd>Arctic Council</kwd><kwd>Arctic cooperation</kwd><kwd>Arctic policy</kwd><kwd>shipping routes</kwd><kwd>Northern Sea Route</kwd><kwd>the Northwest Passage</kwd><kwd>security</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование выполнено за счет темы государственного задания История Тихоокеанской России в контексте общероссийского и мирового цивилизационного процесса: определяющие факторы развития, роль и место в общероссийском и мировом пространстве. № гос. регистрации НИР: 121022500184-4 от 24.02.2021 г.</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The study was carried out within the framework of the state assignment History of Pacific Russia in the context of the all-Russian and world civilization process: determining factors of development, role and place in the all-Russian and world space. 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