aariПроблемы Арктики и АнтарктикиArctic and Antarctic Research0555-26482618-6713Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации Арктический и антарктический научно-исследовательский институт10.30758/0555-2648-2025-71-4-428-444aari-762Research ArticleМЕТЕОРОЛОГИЯ И КЛИМАТОЛОГИЯMETEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGYZoning of the Barents and Kara Seas by surface air temperature changes and variability. Natural climatic seasonsZoning of the Barents and Kara Seas by surface air temperature changes and variability. Natural climatic seasonshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1859-4612KarandashevaT. K.KarandashevaT. K.

St. Petersburg

St. Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4493-9410IvanovB. V.IvanovB. V.

St. Petersburg

St. Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8004-7228RevinaA. D.RevinaA. D.

St. Petersburg

St. Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9643-3063IlyushchenkovaI. A.IlyushchenkovaI. A.

St. Petersburg

St. Petersburg

State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation Arctic and Antarctic Research InstituteРоссияState Scientific Center of the Russian Federation Arctic and Antarctic Research InstituteRussian FederationState Scientific Center of the Russian Federation Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute; Saint Petersburg State UniversityРоссияState Scientific Center of the Russian Federation Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute; Saint Petersburg State UniversityRussian Federation202501122025714428444Copyright © Karandasheva T.K., Ivanov B.V., Revina A.D., Ilyushchenkova I.A., 20252025Karandasheva T.K., Ivanov B.V., Revina A.D., Ilyushchenkova I.A.Karandasheva T.K., Ivanov B.V., Revina A.D., Ilyushchenkova I.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.aaresearch.science/jour/article/view/762

Studies of the present-day Arctic climate are becoming increasingly relevant and in high demand in the light of the observed global warming and the expansion of long-term programs for the development of the Arctic regions. A quantitative assessment of changes and variability in surface air temperature (SAT) is presented for the climate norm period of 1991–2020, based on data from 31 meteorological stations (MSs), which reflect the diversity of climatic conditions in the area studied. Average monthly SAT values were taken as indicators of changes in the thermal regime, and the standard deviations (SD) of average monthly SAT were used as indicators of the thermal regime variability. The annual course of SAT (one maximum and one minimum) mainly reflects the radiation factor. The annual course of SD (in the northern part of the area — one maximum and one minimum, in the southern part — two maxima and two minima) reflects the patterns of the atmospheric and ocean circulation and the type of the underlying surface. The assessment of the changes and variability in the thermal regime of the surface atmosphere was based on a comprehensive analysis of the annual cycle of indicators on the SAT-SD plane using closed SAT-SD curves characterizing annual and seasonal cycles. 31 SAT- SD curves were classified, and the corresponding regions of the Barents and Kara Seas were identified. A typical SAT-SD curve was obtained for each region. The boundaries of natural climatic seasons (NCS) were determined based on a comparative analysis of the seasonal cycle of SAT-SD indicators and the absolute SAT-SD values characteristic of different seasons within each region. Zoning and determining the duration of the NCS refine the general understanding of the climate of the Western sector of the Arctic.

Studies of the present-day Arctic climate are becoming increasingly relevant and in high demand in the light of the observed global warming and the expansion of long-term programs for the development of the Arctic regions. A quantitative assessment of changes and variability in surface air temperature (SAT) is presented for the climate norm period of 1991–2020, based on data from 31 meteorological stations (MSs), which reflect the diversity of climatic conditions in the area studied. Average monthly SAT values were taken as indicators of changes in the thermal regime, and the standard deviations (SD) of average monthly SAT were used as indicators of the thermal regime variability. The annual course of SAT (one maximum and one minimum) mainly reflects the radiation factor. The annual course of SD (in the northern part of the area — one maximum and one minimum, in the southern part — two maxima and two minima) reflects the patterns of the atmospheric and ocean circulation and the type of the underlying surface. The assessment of the changes and variability in the thermal regime of the surface atmosphere was based on a comprehensive analysis of the annual cycle of indicators on the SAT-SD plane using closed SAT-SD curves characterizing annual and seasonal cycles. 31 SAT- SD curves were classified, and the corresponding regions of the Barents and Kara Seas were identified. A typical SAT-SD curve was obtained for each region. The boundaries of natural climatic seasons (NCS) were determined based on a comparative analysis of the seasonal cycle of SAT-SD indicators and the absolute SAT-SD values characteristic of different seasons within each region. Zoning and determining the duration of the NCS refine the general understanding of the climate of the Western sector of the Arctic.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.