Results and prospects of the climatestudies and climate service in the Arctic

Abstract

Climatic studies in AARI include monitoring changes in the Arctic climate system, ascertaining their causes and predictability. The beginning was laid in the 1920s by the works of V. Yu. Wiese, who investigated the causes of the warming of the Arctic in the 1920–1930s. Monitoring continues with the organization in 1932–1934 of a network of polar stations, and the first climatic assessments were created in the 1960s. At present, climate change monitoring in the Arctic is carried out on the basis of observations on the network of hydrometeorological stations, satellite observations of sea ice, ship-based expedition observations and measurements on autonomous buoy installations in the Arctic seas and the Arctic basin. The results are presented in regular reviews of climatic and ice conditions. Recent studies have evaluated the contribution of atmospheric heat transfers in the formation of temperature changes in winter and radiation inflows in summer.A scheme for the development and enhancement of warming in the Arctic has been proposed. The tasks of climate services in the Arctic are considered on the basis of the WMO initiative on the development of climate services in the form of the Arctic Regional Climate Center – network (ArcRCC-N).