Alternative clean approaches to accessing subglacial Lake Vostok
https://doi.org/10.30758/0555-2648-2024-70-4-499-513
Аннотация
Озеро Восток площадью около 15500 км2 является крупнейшим подледниковым озером в Антарктиде. Задача проникновения в озеро может быть решена только путем использования экологически чистой технологии бурения, исключающей попадание в водоем современной микрофлоры и обеспечивающей сохранение жизнеспособности реликтовых организмов. К сожалению, вскрытие озера Восток, проведенное российскими исследователями в феврале 2012 г., не позволило, отобрать «чистые» пробы озерной воды, поскольку они оказались контаминированы токсичной буровой жидкостью. В статье представлены четыре потенциальных варианта вскрытия подледникового озера Восток — три типа термоигл (с нагревательным кабелем, с антифризом и с расположенной в снаряде лебедкой и вмораживаемым кабелем) и система бурения горячей водой, которые можно рассматривать как экологически чистые технологии бурения и которые могут быть использованы в холодных льдах Восточной Антарктиды. Описание включает в себя только общие идеи и краткие оценки основных параметров предлагаемых технологий и не содержит детальных концепций. Все предложенные методы имеют свои преимущества и недостатки. Окончательное решение о применимости того или иного метода вскрытия должно приниматься в результате детальных научно-исследовательских и проектных работ, включающих теоретические исследования, моделирование, лабораторные и полевые испытания на основе имеющихся возможностей финансирования и логистики.
При поддержке: Эта работа проводится при поддержке Национальной программы ключевых исследований и разработок Китая 2021YFC2801400
Об авторах
P. G. Talalay
Полярный исследовательский центр, Цзилиньский университет; Китайский университет наук о земле
Китай
Китай
Чанчунь, Пекин
X. Fan
Полярный исследовательский центр, Цзилиньский университет
Китай
Китай
Чанчунь
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Рецензия
Для цитирования:
Talalay P.G., Fan X. Alternative clean approaches to accessing subglacial Lake Vostok. Проблемы Арктики и Антарктики. 2024;70(4):499-513. https://doi.org/10.30758/0555-2648-2024-70-4-499-513
For citation:
Talalay P.G., Fan X. Alternative clean approaches to accessing subglacial Lake Vostok. Arctic and Antarctic Research. 2024;70(4):499-513. https://doi.org/10.30758/0555-2648-2024-70-4-499-513
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