Evolution of the factors that led to the liquidation of settlements in the Murmansk region in 1939–2023
https://doi.org/10.30758/0555-2648-2024-70-1-117-131
Abstract
Using the example of the Murmansk, the paper considers the character of the processes of settlement liquidation from 1939 to the present is considered. Various reasons for the abolition of settlements in the region in different historical periods have been identified. The first years after the formation of the Murmansk region were characterized by the process of merging of the settlements being liquidated with another one that was higher in status, and the preservation of the residential territory. Later this resulted in the exclusion of the settlements from the accounting data. The main reasons for the abolition of settlements in the Murmansk region are given, which include the withdrawal of residential territories for the construction of hydroelectric power station infrastructure, the loss of economic importance of settlement-forming enterprises due to the exhaustion or the economic inexpediency of extracting and processing of resources (forest or mineral), and the reorganization of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The process of depopulation and abolition of settlements depends on socio-economic factors and reflects the trends in the economic development of the country. Systematized information is presented reflecting the factors of liquidation of settlements with details about the reasons each of the character of this process in different periods. Synthesized data reflecting the current state of the abolished settlements are presented. For the most part, these are non-residential areas with ruined residential and non-residential buildings. Liquidated ancient Pomor’ settlements are widely used for the purpose of summer holidays in the country. A trend is detected for regular cultural events being held on their territory and for their inclusion in tourist and sightseeing routes.
About the Author
O. A. Balabeykina
St. Petersburg State University of Economics
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Olga A. Balabeykina
St. Petersburg
References
1. Beliaeva N.B., Tuchkov V.A. Social Infrastructure of the Arctic cities of Northern Europe and the Russian Federation. Tekhniko-tekhnologicheskie problemy servisa = Technical and Technological Problems of Service. 2022;3(61):110–118. (In Russ.).
2. Smirnov A.V. The Arctic population: dynamics and centers of the settlement system. Arktika i Sever = Arctic and North. 2020;40:270–290. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/issn2221-2698.2020.40.270
3. Potapov I.A. Transformation of the urban space of Arkhangelsk. Geographical Bulletin. 2023;3(66):27–40. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17072/2079-7877-2023-3-27-40
4. Fauzer V.V., Smirnov A.V., Lytkina T.S., Fauzer G.N. Challenges and contradictions in the development of the North and the Arctic: demographic dimension. Arktika: ekologiya i ekonomika = Arctic: Ecology and Economy. 2022;12(1):111–122. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.25283/2223–4594-2022-1-111-122
5. Gassen N.S., Heleniak T. The Nordic population 2040 — analysis of past and future demographic trends. Report 2019:6. Stockholm: Nordregio; 2019. 52 p. https://doi.org/10.30689/R2019:6.1403-2503
6. Hamilton L.C., Wirsing J., Saito K. Demographic variation and change in the Inuit Arctic. Environmental Research Letters. 2018;13:11507. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748–9326/aae7ef
7. Balabeikina O. A., Korobushchenko V. Yu., Mazurenko A. A. Abolished settlements of the NorthEastern districts of the Republic of Karelia (1938–2005). Vestnik Pskovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta = Bulletin of the Pskov State University. 2023;16(1):3–12. (In Russ.).
8. Петров Ю.В. Процессы упразднения населенных пунктов на юге Тюменской области в период 1989–2018 годов. Горные ведомости. 2019;1(161):88–95.
9. Sokolova E.V. Key reasons of disappearance villages Kolosovsky district Omsk region in 1950–1980-ies. Omsk SAU Bulletin. 2016;22(2): 261–268. (In Russ.).
10. Dementiev V. S., Kleimenov S. P. Changes in rural settlement in the territory of the Pskov region in the beginning of the XXI century. Pskovskiy regionologicheskiy zhurnal = Pskov Journal of Regional Studies. 2018;34(2):40–55. (In Russ.).
11. Praskova S.V. Abolishment of municipal bodies: criterions of admissibility. Journal of Russian law. 2011;3(171):57‒64. (In Russ.).
12. Savoskul М. S., AlekseevА. I. Rural-urban community in officially “non-existent” settlement. Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seriya 5: Geografiya = Lomonosov Geography Journal. 2019;4:119–123. (In Russ.).
13. Yankovskaya G.A. Adverse effects of Soviet hydropower projects: formats and practices of memorialization. Siberian Historical Research. 2021;4:119–137. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17223/2312461X/34/9
14. Kuzmin S.V. Natural disasters in the Russian Federation. Issues of Risk Analysis. 2019;16(2):10–35. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.32686/1812-5220-2019-16-2-10-35
15. Kustyshev A.N. NKVD Industrial engineering in the Kola North in the Late 1930s — early 1940s. Ekonomicheskaya istoriya = Russian Journal of Economic History. 2022;18(2):132–142. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.15507/2409-630X.057.018.202202.132-142
16. Staf V.S. Memorialization of the “negative heritage” in modern Russia on the basis of the camp museums in Perm Krai. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta = Tomsk State University Journal. 2018;428:183–187. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17223/15617793/428/24
17. Циркунов И.Б. Порья Губа: опыт историко-социологических исследований. Наука и бизнес на Мурмане. 1998;(6):60–86.
18. Groshev N.Yu., Pripachkin P.V. Geological setting and platinum potential of Gabbro-10 massif, Monchegorsk complex, Kola region. Ores and Metalls. 2018;4: 4–13. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.24411/0869-5997-2018-10008
19. Sharova Ye.N., Burtseva A.V. The current demographic situation in the Kola North: concerning human presence in the Arctic. Theory and practice of social development. 2020;1(143):68–73. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.24158/tipor.2020.1.9
20. Heleniak Т. The future of the Arctic populations. Polar Geography. 2020;44(2):1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/1088937X.2019.1707316
Review
For citations:
Balabeykina O.A. Evolution of the factors that led to the liquidation of settlements in the Murmansk region in 1939–2023. Arctic and Antarctic Research. 2024;70(1):117-131. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30758/0555-2648-2024-70-1-117-131
Views:
284
Email this article 
