Current hydrological regime of the Lower Yana and hazardous hydrological phenomena
https://doi.org/10.30758/0555-2648-2026-72-1-65-84
Abstract
The increase in freight traffic along the Yana River due to the expansion of mining in the basin, the development of settlements, transport and energy infrastructure requires the updating of information about the current hydrological regime of the Yana River as the region's main transport route, the source of water and hydrological hazards. Based on new hydrological data, the characteristics of annual water runoff and ice regime, maximum and minimum flow rates and water levels have been clarified, analysis has been carried out of their long-term fluctuations including the determination of the magnitude and sign of changes, cycles of water content, turning years, and the contribution made to these trends by the main tributaries of the Yana, the parameters of the curves of probability distribution functions have been calculated. It is found that the average annual, maximum and minimum water discharges in the lower reaches of the Yana River increased by 24, 12 and 36 %. The increase in the annual water flow of the Yana River ensured positive trends in all the hydrological seasons and by all the rivers of the basin. The main turning points were 1989, 1996 and 2004. Of all the maximum discharges, the largest increase was observed for the maximum spring flood discharges (+22 %). Changes in water runoff have affected the level regime of the lower Yana, flood characteristics, and navigation conditions. Disturbances to the ice regime were considered minor. It is found that the frequency and parameters of floodplain flooding have increased everywhere (since the mid-1990s), primarily due to an increase in the maximum levels by an average of 0.2–0.5 m. As a result, since the 1990s, two catastrophic, four large and five small inundations have been recorded, five of which occurred in the lower reaches of the Yana River. Since 2008 and throughout 2018, navigation conditions have deteriorated, particularly at the Yana River mouth bar. Combined with the flooding, this significantly increases the costs of preventing and mitigating hydrological hazards and hinders the region's socioeconomic development.
Supporting agencies: The study was carried out within the framework of the State Assignment of the Lomonosov Moscow State University, the section on hazardous hydrological phenomena was prepared as part of the work within the grant of the RSF No. 24-17-00084.
About the Authors
D. V. Magritsky
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
S. A. Kainova
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
A. S. Zavadskiy
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
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For citations:
Magritsky D.V., Kainova S.A., Zavadskiy A.S. Current hydrological regime of the Lower Yana and hazardous hydrological phenomena. Arctic and Antarctic Research. 2026;72(1):65-84. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30758/0555-2648-2026-72-1-65-84
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